Introduction To The Classification Of Blood Collection Tubes

1. Ordinary serum tube has a red cap, and the blood collection tube contains no additives. It is used for routine serum biochemistry, blood bank and serology related tests.

2. The orange-red cap of the fast serum tube, and the blood collection tube contains a coagulant to accelerate the coagulation process. The rapid serum tube can coagulate the collected blood within 5 minutes, which is suitable for serialized emergency serum test.

3. The golden cap of the inert separating gel coagulation tube, and the inert separating gel and coagulant are added to the blood collection tube. After the specimen is centrifuged, the inert separating gel can completely separate the liquid components (serum or plasma) and the solid components (red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, fibrin, etc.) in the blood and completely accumulate in the center of the test tube to form a barrier. The specimen is within 48 hours keep it steady. The coagulant can quickly activate the coagulation mechanism and accelerate the coagulation process, which is suitable for emergency serum biochemical tests.

4. Heparin anticoagulation tube with green cap, and heparin is added to the blood collection tube. Heparin directly has the effect of antithrombin, which can prolong the clotting time of the specimen. It is suitable for red blood cell fragility test, blood gas analysis, hematocrit test, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and general energy biochemical determination, but not suitable for blood coagulation test. Excessive heparin can cause the accumulation of white blood cells and cannot be used for white blood cell counting. It is not suitable for white blood cell classification because it can stain the blood slice with a light blue background.

5. The light green head cover of the plasma separation tube, and the addition of lithium heparin anticoagulant into the inert separation hose can achieve the purpose of rapid plasma separation. It is the best choice for electrolyte testing. It can also be used for routine plasma biochemical determination and emergency plasma such as ICU. Biochemical testing. Plasma samples can be directly put on the machine and kept stable for 48 hours under refrigeration.

6. EDTA anticoagulation tube purple cap, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA, molecular weight 292) and its salt are an amino polycarboxylic acid, which can effectively chelate calcium ions in blood samples, chelate calcium or react calcium The removal of the site will block and terminate the endogenous or exogenous coagulation process, thereby preventing the blood specimen from clotting. Suitable for general hematology tests, not suitable for coagulation tests and platelet function tests, and not suitable for the determination of calcium ion, potassium ion, sodium ion, iron ion, alkaline phosphatase, creatine kinase and leucine aminopeptidase , Suitable for PCR test.

7. The sodium citrate coagulation test tube has a light blue cap. Sodium citrate mainly acts as an anticoagulant by chelating with calcium ions in the blood sample. It is suitable for blood coagulation experiments. The anticoagulant concentration recommended by the National Committee for clinical laboratory standards (NCCLS) is 3.2% or 3.8% (equivalent to 0.109mol/L or 0.129mol/L), anticoagulant The ratio of agent to blood is 1:9.

8. Sodium citrate erythrocyte sedimentation rate test tube Black cap, the sodium citrate concentration required for the erythrocyte sedimentation rate test is 3.2% (equivalent to 0.109mol/L) The ratio of anticoagulant to blood is 1:4.

9. Potassium oxalate/sodium fluoride gray head cover. Sodium fluoride is a weak anticoagulant. It is usually used in combination with potassium oxalate or sodium diiodate. The ratio is 1 part of sodium fluoride and 3 parts of potassium oxalate. . 4mg of this mixture can prevent 1ml of blood from coagulating and inhibit sugar decomposition within 23 days. It is a good preservative for blood glucose determination. It cannot be used for the determination of urea by the urease method, nor is it used for the determination of alkaline phosphatase and amylase. Recommended for blood glucose testing.