Precautions for Anticoagulants in Vacuum Blood Collection Tubes（II）

Release time : 2023-02-28

Anticoagulants are often used in vacuum blood collection tubes to prevent blood from clotting and to preserve the integrity of the sample for diagnostic testing. It is important to take certain precautions when working with anticoagulants in vacuum blood collection tubes to ensure accurate and reliable test results.

1. Potassium oxalate: Potassium oxalate can form calcium oxalate precipitates with calcium ions in blood, thereby preventing blood coagulation. Potassium oxalate has high solubility and strong anticoagulant effect. The usual dose is 1-2mg/ml blood. Potassium oxalate can still be used, but it shrinks the red blood cells, water seeps into the plasma from the red blood cells, and the concentration of plasma components is correspondingly low.

2. Oxalate and fluoride cannot be used for the determination of enzymes and specimens determined by enzymatic methods, because they have the effect of activating or inhibiting certain enzyme activities.

3. Potassium oxalate and sodium fluoride mixed anticoagulant: It is specially used for glucose determination, mixed with 1g of sodium fluoride and 3g of potassium oxalate, 4mg of the mixed agent is used to anticoagulate 1ml of blood. Fluoride ions can bind calcium to anticoagulate, but the anticoagulant effect is weak. Fluoride ions can inhibit enolase in glycolysis and prevent glycolysis. If sodium fluoride is not added, the glucose content in the blood sample will decrease at a rate of 6% per hour. In the presence of sodium fluoride, the blood glucose concentration can be stable for 24 hours at 25°C and 48 hours at 4°C. Therefore, potassium oxalate-sodium fluoride is an anticoagulant commonly used in blood glucose determination specimens.

4. EDTA, fluoride, oxalate, etc. cannot be used to determine Ca2+ samples, because Ca2+ can form insoluble substances with them. Anticoagulants containing K+ and Na+ cannot be used to determine K+ and Na+ samples.

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