Venous blood collection is a common clinical test in nursing work, collecting venous blood samples for patients' blood tests. It can show the physiological indicators, indicate the patient's health, can find the patient's condition changes as soon as possible, make accurate diagnoses for clinicians, improve the quality of vacuum venous blood collection, provide accurate for the subsequent inspection and doctor's diagnosis in accordance with the law, is the principle and goal of blood specimen detection. through the analysis of the failure of vacuum vein blood, we can improve the quality of vacuum vein blood collection operation nursing measures. Yongkang Medical is an experienced vacuum blood collection tube manufacturer, we will share methods with all of you.

Method:

All patients collect venous blood samples using vacuum tube blood collection equipment, ROBO8000 blood collection equipment using vacuum tube automatic blood collection system, including computer, barcode scanning gun, vascular configuration machine and blood collection window, vacuum blood collection tubes, safety tube cover, bidirectional needle and other conventional venous puncture appliance, safety tube cover according to the blood collection test items with different colors, venous blood collection for each patient by the blood collection room by the same 2 nurses. Record the venous blood samples of all patients and related data, analyze the reasons for the failure of the control group during the blood collection process, and give nursing intervention on this basis. The specific measures are as follows:

(1) Check the patient's name and test items according to the laboratory sheet.

(2) Select the correct vacuum anticoagulant glass tube and safety pipe cover.

(3) Explain to the patient the relevant matters needing attention for venous blood collection, and instruct the patient to strictly follow it.

(4) Explain the relevant operation process of venous blood collection to the patient to relieve the patient's tension and obtain the cooperation of the patient.

(5) The median vein of the patient in the elbow was selected as the puncture site, and the tourniquet was tied in the upper arm, the tourniquet binding position was more than 6CM from the puncture point, and the puncture center point was disinfected according to the conventional iodophor.

(6) After iodine is completely dried, the appropriate blood needle is selected according to the vascular thickness of the patient, and the needle is inserted at a 15-30 angle with the arm. The other end of the needle is inserted into the vacuum anticoagulant glass tube cover of negative pressure, and the needle is fixed with tape to prevent falling off.

(7) If multiple items are conducted, when multiple blood collection, anticoagulant glass tubes should be collected first, and finally serum tubes should be collected.

(8) When one tube of venous blood is replaced after collection, the action should be gentle to prevent the puncture of the venous blood wall.

(9) After collecting one tube of venous blood, the blood collection tube was gently shaken evenly from left and right to prevent coagulation of the specimen.

(10) After collection, the tourniquet is untied, the needle hole is pressed with a cotton swab, the needle is extracted and pressed with a cotton swab for 3-5 minutes, and then release the cotton swab after the pinhole is completely solidified.

Analysis of the common causes of failure of vacuum venous blood sampling

The common reasons for the failure of vacuum venous blood collection are mainly as follows:

(1) Nursing staff factors:

The operation skills and comprehensive quality of the blood collection personnel are the main factors for the success of vacuum venous blood collection. In the composition of those who have failed in blood collection, the nursing staff with low professional titles and short working time account for the main components. Unskilled operation skills, Psychological quality and emergency response ability is not strong and other problems, Mainly reflected in the unfamiliar with the operating procedures of vacuum venous blood collection, Inadequate preparation for blood collection, Not enough communication with the patients, Tie the tourniquet too tight, Too close to the puncture point, Venvascular puncture could not be successful once, Or puncture the blood vessel wall, The needle is not firmly firmly, When connected to the mining vessel, the strong drag leads to the withdrawal, After successful puncture, the needle is close to the blood vessel wall, Poor blood flow, Before the puncture point disinfectant liquid is fully dried, Leading to the impure quality of the blood specimens, Failing to shake plasma in time after blood sampling, Leading to blood coagulation in the specimens, Failure to strictly follow the operating procedures, The sequence of anticoagulant and serum tubes were reversed.

(2) Patient factors:

Patient had a history of blood sickness:

Or stress caused by pain, puncture limb retraction, confused and agitated, unable to communicate difficult stability, obese body subcutaneous fat is thick, deep venous blood vessels, thin skin relaxation, vascular sliding is fixed, older patients with blood hard brittle and curved larger, slow, young children with shallow blood vessels, venous pressure, and restless, will not cooperate, some patients with blood viscosity is too large, poor blood flow.

Appliance factor of blood collection system:

Vacuum venous blood collection system devices include blood vessel collection, needle holder, and needle holder. Quality problems of blood collection system appliances will also lead to the failure of vacuum venous blood collection. Such as vessel cracks, tube cover is lax to form vacuum negative pressure or negative pressure, blood needle blockage after puncture no blood or slow flow rate, blood intermittent blood bubbles, vacuum tube negative pressure fire, draw blood quickly to the bottom of the blood vessels, causing part of the red blood cell mechanical rupture damage, leading to vacuum venous blood collection failure.

Improve the quality of nursing measures of vacuum venous blood collection

(1) Improve the comprehensive quality of blood collection nursing staff:

Organize professional training for new nurses and nurses with poor technical level to improve the professional skills and comprehensive quality of blood collection nursing staff, and master the operation norms and procedures of vacuum venous blood collection. By experienced nursing staff, be familiar with every step and link of vacuum venous blood collection, and understand the factors that may lead to failure in the process of blood collection, such as hemolysis, needle halo, subcutaneous blood stasis, poor blood flow, needle prolapse, iatrogenic pollution, etc.

Be familiar with the blood collection system of vacuum vein blood collection, and master the use method of the blood collection system appliances. Relevant psychological quality training, improve the psychological quality and comprehensive strain ability of nursing staff, and improve the communication ability with patients and their families. The operation methods and operation experience were constantly summarized and communicated, the reasons of the failure of vacuum venous blood collection were timely analyzed, the failure factors and the reasons of the failure of vacuum venous blood collection were proposed, and the measures and methods to eliminate the failure factors and improve the success rate of vacuum venous blood collection were proposed.

(2) Eliminate patient influencing factors:

Nursing staff should know the basic information of the patient's gender, age, condition, mental consciousness, psychological state, halo blood history, and response to pain before vacuum vein blood collection. The patients are urged to strictly abide by the relevant regulations of vacuum venous blood collection, relieve the nervous psychological pressure and negative emotions of the patients, guide the families of the patients who do not cooperate to strengthen the escort, and enhance the confidence of the patients, so as to obtain the cooperation of the patients. For patients of different ages and body size, targeted nursing and preventive measures should be taken. For patients with dizzy blood loss and sensitive response to pain, methods and measures to prevent syncope and distraction should be taken to ensure the success of vacuum venous blood collection.

(3) Strict management of the use of blood collection system appliances:

Strengthen the management of vacuum venous blood collection devices. Before each blood collection, carefully check whether the vacuum blood vessels are in good condition, consistent with the blood collection test items, whether the blood vessel cover is tight, and whether the needle is smooth. Prepare good objects before the operation begins. For disposable products, ensure that they can not be reused to prevent cross-infection.

Summarize

Vacuum vein blood collection requires rapid blood collection, accurate blood collection volume, blood vessel sealing without leakage, and safe transfer of blood sample specimens. Vacuum venous blood collection problems mainly include blood leakage, hemolysis, blood volume, blood flow, needle accident out, dizzy blood, subcutaneous stasis, iatrogenic pollution, whole blood specimen coagulation, etc., the main reason is that blood nurses operation skills and comprehensive quality is not high, not familiar with operating specification, patients own factors, the use and management of blood collection system appliance does not meet the requirements, etc. It is of great significance to reduce the failure rate of vacuum vein blood collection, improve the success rate of vacuum vein blood collection, and provide the basis for clinicians to make rapid and accurate diagnosis and treatment of patients.

Therefore, improve the operation skills of blood nursing staff and comprehensive quality, guide patients and their families strictly abide by the vacuum venous blood, relieve patients restless psychological pressure and negative emotions, enhance the compliance of vacuum venous blood collection, plus the management and use of appliances, to ensure the quality of blood system appliances and correct use. The reasons for the failure of vacuum venous blood collection were analyzed and summarized in time, preventive measures and problem solutions were put forward, and nursing intervention was given for the wrong blood collection method. Improving the success rate of vacuum venous blood collection is worthy of promoting its application in clinical practice.

Related Products