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PусскийBlood Collection Position
According to the method recommended by the World Health Organization, infants can take blood from the inside and outside edges of the thumb or heel, preferably from the head and neck vein or the anterior fontanel vein. Adults choose the median elbow vein, back of hand and wrist joint without congestion and edema, and the veins of individual patients are on the back of elbow joint. Outpatients take more sitting positions and inpatients take more lying positions. When taking blood, the patient should be instructed to relax, keep the environment warm, prevent vein contracture, and the binding time should not be too long. It is forbidden to pat the arm, otherwise it may cause local blood concentration or activate the coagulation system. Try to select large and easily fixed blood vessels for puncture to ensure that the needle hits the nail. The needle entry angle is generally 20-30 °. After the blood return is seen, the needle enters slightly in parallel and forward, and then the vacuum tube is put on. The blood pressure of some patients is low. After the puncture, the blood return is not seen, but after the negative pressure tube is put on, the blood flows out.
Blood Collection Posture
1. Posture
Correct sitting posture: the patient should take the proper sitting posture for blood collection, with the upper body perpendicular to the ground, the elbow on a stable operating table, and the elastic cotton pad under the arm; The upper arm is in line with the forearm, the forearm is naturally sagging, the palm is lower than the elbow, and the elbow vein is fully exposed.
Correct sitting posture: the patient should take the proper sitting posture for blood collection, with the upper body perpendicular to the ground, the elbow on a stable operating table, and the elastic cotton pad under the arm; The upper arm is in line with the forearm, the forearm is naturally sagging, the palm is lower than the elbow, and the elbow vein is fully exposed.
2. Select the appropriate vein
Let the patient clench his fist, check the patient's arm, and select the most suitable vein for blood collection.
3. Methods of making blood vessels obvious
(1) The hands are low and straight;
(1) The hands are low and straight;
(2) Grasp your fist lightly;
(3) Hot compress;
(4) Gently tap the desired puncture site;
(5) Use a tourniquet.
4. Exposure
(1) Bind a pulse compression band 5 to 10 cm above the appropriate blood collection site;
(2) The tightness of the pulse compression band should be determined according to the degree of filling of the patient's own vein;
(3) Fully expose the veins of the site to be disinfected.
(1) Bind a pulse compression band 5 to 10 cm above the appropriate blood collection site;
(2) The tightness of the pulse compression band should be determined according to the degree of filling of the patient's own vein;
(3) Fully expose the veins of the site to be disinfected.
5. Disinfection
The diameter of disinfection range by the conventional method shall be at least 5 cm;
The diameter of disinfection range by the conventional method shall be at least 5 cm;
Wait for the complete volatilization of the alcohol used for disinfection (the puncture will be very painful if the alcohol is not dry, and the residual alcohol will directly lead to the hemolysis of the collected blood sample);
Wait for drying in the air (30-60 seconds);
6. Prepare blood collection needle
When the needle sleeve is removed, it is recommended to pull the sleeve horizontally to avoid scratching the needle, causing the needle to bend or produce slight barbs, which will cause pain to the patient during the puncture.
When the needle sleeve is removed, it is recommended to pull the sleeve horizontally to avoid scratching the needle, causing the needle to bend or produce slight barbs, which will cause pain to the patient during the puncture.
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